Izintiyizinti ezimbili ezifanayo ezisetshenziselwa ukudla. Zaqala ukusetshenziswa eShayina zabe zethulwa kwezinye izindawo emhlabeni. Izinti zibhekwa njengezinsiza ezibalulekile kusiko lamaShayina futhi zinedumela elithi "Impucuko Yasempumalanga.
Ngezansi izinto Eziyisikhombisa okufanele uzazi ngezinti zaseShayina.
1.Zasungulwa nini izinti?
Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kweizinti, amaShayina ayesebenzisa izandla zawo ukuze adle. Abantu baseShayina baqala ukusebenzisaizinticishe eminyakeni eyizi-3,000 edlule oBukhosini bakwaShang (c.16th kuya ku-11th century BC). Ngokusho "Amarekhodi we-Grand Historian, inkosi yaseZhou, inkosi yokugcina ye-Shang Dynasty isivele yasebenzisa izinti zezinyo lendlovu. Ngalesi sisekelo, i-China inomlando okungenani we-3,000. Ngesikhathi se-Pre-Qin (ngaphambi kwe-221). BC), izinti zazibizwa ngokuthi "Jia", futhi phakathi ne-Qin (221-206 BC) kanye noHan (206 BC-AD 220) Amakhosi ayebizwa ngokuthi "Zhu". Ngoba elithi "Zhu" lihlanganyela ngomsindo ofanayo nelithi"stop" ngesiShayina, okuyigama elineshwa, abantu baqala ukulibiza ngokuthi "Kuai", okusho ukuthi "ukushesha" ngesiShayina igama lanamuhla lezinti zamaShayina.
2. Ubani owasungulaizinti?
Kuye kwatholakala amarekhodi okusebenzisa izinti ezincwadini eziningi ezilotshiwe kodwa awanabo ubufakazi obuphathekayo. Nokho, ziningi izinganekwane mayelana nokusungulwa kwezinti. Omunye uthi uJiang Ziya, uchwepheshe wezempi wasendulo waseShayina wenza izinti ngemva kokugqugquzelwa inyoni yasenganekwaneni. Enye indaba ithi uDaji, inkosikazi eyintandokazi yenkosi yaseZhou, wasungula izinti ukuze ajabulise inkosi. Kunenye insumansumane yokuthi uYu the Great, umbusi oyinganekwane eShayina yasendulo, wasebenzisa izinti ukuze acoshe ukudla okushisayo ukuze onge isikhathi sokulawula izikhukhula. Kodwa alikho irekhodi eliqondile lomlando mayelana nokuthi ubani owasungulaizinti; sazi nje ukuthi omunye umuntu waseShayina wasendulo ohlakaniphile wasungula izinti.
3. Ziyiniizintiyenziwe ngani?
Izinti zenziwa ngezinto eziningi ezahlukene ezifana noqalo, ukhuni, ipulasitiki, i-porcelain, isiliva, ithusi, izinyo lendlovu, ijade, ithambo netshe.Izinti ze-bamboozisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwabantu baseShayina.
4.Isetshenziswa kanjaniizinti?
Ukusebenzisa izinti ezimbili ezincane ukuze ucoshe ukudla akunzima. Ungakwenza inqobo nje uma uzinika isikhathi sokuzilolonga. Abantu abaningi bakwamanye amazwe eChina sebekwazi kahle ukusebenzisa izinti njengabantu bendawo. Isihluthulelo sokusebenzisa izinti ukugcina induku eyodwa isendaweni kuyilapho uzungeza enye ukuze ucoshe ukudla. Ngemuva kokuzijwayeza isiguli, uzokwazi ukuthi ungadla kanjaniizintingokushesha okukhulu.
5. Izinti zezinti
Izintingokuvamile zibanjwa ngesandla sokudla kodwa kuncike ekunethezekeni kwakho uma uyinxele. Ukudlala ngezinti kubhekwa njengokuziphatha okubi. Kuwukuhlonipha nokucabangela ukucosha ukudla kwabadala nezingane. Lapho bedla nabadala, amaShayina ngokuvamile avumela abadala bathathe izinti ngaphambi kwanoma ubani omunye. Ngokuvamile, umninikhaya okhathalelayo uzodlulisela ucezu lokudla olusuka epuletini lokuphakelwa aluyise epuletini lesivakashi. Akulungile ukucofa izinti onqenqemeni lwesitsha, ngoba eShayina lasendulo izinxibi zazivame ukuzisebenzisa ukuze zihehe.
6. Ifilosofi yezinti
Isazi sefilosofi saseShayina uConfucius (551-479BC) weluleka abantu ukuthi basebenziseizintiesikhundleni semimese, ngoba imimese yensimbi ikhumbuza abantu ngezikhali ezibandayo, okusho ukubulala nobudlova. Wasikisela ukuba kuvinjelwe imimese etafuleni lokudlela futhi kusetshenziswe izinti zokhuni.
7. Zaziswa nini izinti kwamanye amazwe?
Izintizethulwa nakwamanye amazwe amaningi angomakhelwane ngenxa yokukhanya kwawo kanye nokuba lula kwawo.Izintizethulwa enhlonhlweni yaseKorea zisuka eShayina oBukhosini BamaHan futhi zanwetshwa kuyo yonke inhlonhlo cishe ngo-AD 600. Izinti zalethwa eJapane indela engumBuddha okuthiwa uKongai evela eShayina Obukhosi BamaTang (618-907). U-Kongai wake wathi ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wezithunywa zevangeli "Labo abasebenzisa izinti bazosindiswa", ngakho-keizintizasakazeka eJapane ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Ngemva kozalo lukaMing (1368-1644) noQing (1644-1911), kancane kancane izinti zalethwa eMalaysia, eSingapore nakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2024