Izinti zokukhethayizinti ezimbili ezifanayo ezisetshenziselwa ukudla. Zaqala ukusetshenziswa eShayina zabe sezithunyelwa kwezinye izindawo emhlabeni. Izinti zokudla zibhekwa njengezinto ezibalulekile emasikweni aseShayina futhi zinedumela elithi "Impucuko YaseMpumalanga."
Ngezansi kunezinto eziyisikhombisa okufanele uzazi ngezinti zokudla zaseShayina.
1. Zasungulwa nini izinti zokugaya?
Ngaphambi kokusungulwa kweizinti zokusika, Abantu baseShayina basebenzisa izandla zabo ukudla. Abantu baseShayina baqala ukusebenzisaizinti zokusikaEminyakeni engaba ngu-3,000 eyedlule eBukhosini bukaShang (cishe ngekhulu le-16 kuya kwele-11 BC). Ngokusho kwe-"Records of the Grand Historian," inkosi yaseZhou, inkosi yokugcina yoBukhosi bukaShang yayivele isebenzisa izinti zezinyo lendlovu. Ngalesi sisekelo, iShayina inomlando okungenani weminyaka engu-3,000. Ngesikhathi sangaphambi kweQin (ngaphambi kuka-221 BC), izinti zazibizwa ngokuthi "Jia", kanti ngesikhathi samakhosi kaQin (221-206 BC) kanye noHan (206 BC-AD 220) zazibizwa ngokuthi "Zhu". Ngenxa yokuthi igama elithi "Zhu" linomsindo ofanayo nothi "stop" ngesiShayina, okuyigama elibi, abantu baqala ukulibiza ngokuthi "Kuai", okusho ukuthi "fast" ngesiShayina. Lena imvelaphi yegama lanamuhla lezinti zezinti zesiShayina.
2. Ubani owasungulaizinti zokusika?
Amarekhodi okusebenzisa induku yokunquma atholakale ezincwadini eziningi ezibhaliwe kodwa awanabo ubufakazi obuphathekayo. Kodwa-ke, kunezindaba eziningi mayelana nokusungulwa kwezinduku zokunquma. Enye ithi uJiang Ziya, isazi samasu sasendulo saseShayina wadala izinduku zokunquma ngemuva kokuphefumulelwa inyoni eyinganekwane. Enye indaba ithi uDaji, inkosikazi eyintandokazi yenkosi yaseZhou, wasungula izinduku zokunquma ukuze ajabulise inkosi. Kukhona enye inganekwane yokuthi uYu Omkhulu, umbusi odumile eShayina yasendulo, wasebenzisa izinduku ukuze aqoqe ukudla okushisayo ukuze onge isikhathi sokulawula izikhukhula. Kodwa akukho rekhodi eliqondile lomlando mayelana nokuthi ubani owasungulaizinti zokusika; siyazi kuphela ukuthi umuntu othile waseShayina wasendulo ohlakaniphile wasungula izinti zokudla.
3. Yiziphiizinti zokusikayenziwe ngani?
Izinti zokugcoba zenziwe ngezinto eziningi ezahlukene ezifana noqalo, ukhuni, ipulasitiki, i-porcelain, isiliva, ithusi, indlovu, i-jade, ithambo kanye netshe.Izinti zomqalozisetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphileni kwansuku zonke kwabantu baseShayina.
4. Indlela yokusebenzisaizinti zokusika?
Ukusebenzisa izinti ezimbili ezincane ukuqoqa ukudla akunzima. Ungakwenza uma nje uzinika isikhathi sokuzijwayeza. Abantu abaningi bakwamanye amazwe eShayina sebekwazi ukusebenzisa izinti njengabakhi bendawo. Isihluthulelo sokusebenzisa izinti zokugcina ukudla ukugcina induku eyodwa isendaweni yayo ngenkathi ujika enye ukuze uqoqe ukudla. Ngemva kokuzijwayeza kancane ngesineke, uzokwazi ukuthi udla kanjaniizinti zokusikangokushesha okukhulu.
5. Imikhuba emihle yezinti zokukhetha
Izinti zokukhethaNgokuvamile zibanjwa ngesandla sokunene kodwa kuncike ekutheni uzizwa ukhululekile yini uma usebenzisa isandla sokhohlo. Ukudlala ngezinti zokugcoba kubhekwa njengokuziphatha okubi. Kuyinhlonipho futhi kuwukucabangela ukucosha ukudla kwabantu asebekhulile nezingane. Lapho bedla nabantu abadala, abantu baseShayina bavame ukuvumela abantu abadala bacoshe izinti zokugcoba ngaphambi kwanoma ubani omunye. Ngokuvamile, umninikhaya onakekelayo uzodlulisela ucezu lokudla epuletini lokuphakelayo aye epuletini lezivakashi. Akunanhlonipho ukucofa izinti zokugcoba emaphethelweni esitsha sakho, ngoba eShayina yasendulo abantu abacelayo babevame ukukusebenzisa ukuze badonsele ukunaka.
6. Ifilosofi yezinti
Isazi sefilosofi saseShayina uConfucius (551-479BC) seluleka abantu ukuthi basebenziseizinti zokusikaesikhundleni semimese, ngoba imimese yensimbi ikhumbuza abantu ngezikhali ezibandayo, okusho ukubulala nobudlova. Wasikisela ukuthi kuvinjelwe imimese etafuleni lokudlela nokusebenzisa izinti zokhuni.
7. Izinti zokugcoba zalethwa nini kwamanye amazwe?
Izinti zokukhethazethulwa kwamanye amazwe amaningi angomakhelwane ngenxa yokukhanya kwawo kanye nokulula kwawo.Izinti zokukhethazalethwa enhlonhlweni yaseKorea zivela eShayina ngesikhathi soBukhosi bukaHan futhi zanwetshwa zaya kulo lonke ihlonhlweni cishe ngo-AD 600. Izinti zokugcoba zalethwa eJapane yindela yamaBuddha egama layo linguKonghai evela eBukhosini bukaTang baseShayina (618-907). UKinghai wake wathi ngesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wezithunywa zevangeli "Labo abasebenzisa izinti zokugcoba bazosindiswa", ngakho-keizinti zokusikakwasakazeka eJapane ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho. Ngemva kobukhosi bukaMing (1368-1644) noQing (1644-1911), izinti zokudla zalethwa kancane kancane eMalaysia, eSingapore nakwamanye amazwe aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-01-2024